【Madama Butterfly】Synopsis, Character Map

Madama Butterfly: Character Map, opera

Madame Butterfly is an opera set in Nagasaki, Japan. It uses melodies from traditional Japanese music and folk songs. On the advice of the wife of the Italian minister to Japan at the time, Puccini was able to incorporate Japanese culture and customs into the opera. Among the highlights of Madame Butterfly are “Un bel dì, vedremo” (One fine day we shall see), “Coro a bocca chiusa” (Humming Chorus).

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Madama Butterfly, Opera: Character Map

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Character Map
Madama Butterfly, Opera: Character Map

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Roles

Cio-Cio-san(Madama Butterfly)Geishasoprano
B.F. PinkertonLieutenant in the United States Navytenor
SharplessUnited States consul at Nagasakibaritone
SuzukiButterfly’s maidmezzo-soprano
Goroa matchmakertenor
The Bonze, Lo zio BonzoButterfly’s uncle, Buddhist monkbass
Kate PinkertonPinkerton’s wifemezzo-soprano
Prince Yamadori, Il Principe YamadoriThe rich mantenor
Madama Butterfly, Opera: Roles
  • Native title: Madama Butterfly
  • Language: Italian
  • Composers: Giacomo Puccini
  • Librettist: Luigi Illica, Giuseppe Giacosa
  • Based on: Madame Butterfly by John Luther Long
  • Premiere: February 17, 1904, La Scala, Milan
  • Running time: 2 hours 20 minutes (Act 1: 50 minutes, Act 2: 50 minutes, Act 3: 40 minutes)

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Summary

Pinkerton buys Butterfly to marry. It is a playful marriage for him, but a serious one for her.

Pinkerton

Pretty girl, you are mine now. You are dressed like a lily. You are beautiful.

It has been three years since Pinkerton left Japan.

Cio-Cio-san

He will surely return. He said he would come back with roses when the robins had their chicks.

Pinkerton married in the U.S. and returned to Japan. He had no intention of meeting Butterfly. However, he decides to meet her because she gave birth to his child. He visits her home with his wife and Sharpless, but when he learns the consequences of his past indiscretions, he leaves without seeing her. Butterfly finds a strange woman in his garden. She understands the cruel reality.

Cio-Cio-san

Sweet boy. You are the child of the lily and the rose. I choose to die for you.

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Act1, Synopsis

A house on a hill overlooking a cove

Goro gives Pinkerton a tour of the house.

Pinkerton

Where can I use it as a couples’ bedroom?

Goro
Use this room or that room as you wish.

Sharpless appears.

Sharpless

It’s a nice view, but it’s a steep hill. Do you own this house?

Pinkerton

I bought this house. It is a Japanese style contract, renewable monthly, and I can break it whenever I want.

We Yankees go all over the world and enjoy making love to beautiful women. This marriage is a Japanese style marriage. It’s an easy one, with the condition that I can break it off whenever I want.

Dovunque al mondo

Sharpless

That is a rash thought. Is your bride beautiful?

Goro
She is a very beautiful bride. And very inexpensive. I can get you a bride too.

Sharpless

No, thank you. Are you serious about this marriage?

Pinkerton

I don’t know. She looks and acts beautiful and is as pretty as a butterfly. I want to catch her.

Sharpless

It would be cruel to make her sad. Here’s to your far-flung family.

Pinkerton

To the day when I really marry my American bride. Cheers to that!

Madama Butterfly appears with her friends.

Madama Butterfly friends
Oh, beautiful sky, beautiful sea!

Ah! Quanto cielo!

Madama Butterfly

I am the happiest girl in Japan and the world. I came to answer the call of love.

She bows to Pinkerton.

Pinkerton

It’s a very strange greeting.

Sharpless

Do you have a family?

Madama Butterfly

I am the daughter of a samurai family. My family was ruined, so I became a geisha. My family includes my mother. My father died.

Pinkerton

(whispers to Sharpless) Her doll-like behavior turns me on.

Sharpless

How old are you?

Madama Butterfly

I am 15 years old. That’s old enough.

Sharpless

It is the age of innocent play.

Her relatives and officers appear. They greet Pinkerton and leave the courtyard.

Pinkerton

Come here, my love.

Madama Butterfly

Excuse me for a moment. There is a package in the sleeve of my kimono. It is a mirror and a fan. This small box is sacred, so I will take it with me.

She leaves with a small box.

Pinkerton

What is that small box?

Goro
The box is said to contain a gift from the emperor to her father.

He makes a gesture of cutting his stomach and leaves. She returns.

Madama Butterfly

I went to church yesterday. I believe in a new faith for a new life. My family does not know about it. I am willing to forget my family for your sake.

They have a Japanese wedding ceremony. Sharpless leaves. The banquet begins.

Pinkerton

We are a family now. Let’s all have a toast.

The Bonze appears.

The Bonze
Why did you go to church? You have abandoned the faith! Since you have forsaken us, we have no choice but to disassociate ourselves from you!

Pinkerton

Stop. Get out of here.

The Bonze leaves with people in tow. She cries.

Pinkerton

Don’t cry. There is no need for you to shed tears. Evening comes.

Viene la sera

Madama Butterfly

Even though my family has abandoned me, I am happy because of you.

She changes from the bridal gown to an evening gown.

Madama Butterfly

Beautiful clothes are hard to change into.

Pinkerton

She unties the knot. My bride. She awakens my passion.

They look at the night sky.

Pinkerton

Pretty girl, you are mine now. You are dressed like a lily. You are beautiful.

Bimba dagli occhi pieni di malìa

Madama Butterfly

Please love me. Give me a little love like a baby. A little love is just right for me.

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Act2, Synopsis

Butterfly’s house

It has been three years since Pinkerton left Japan.

Madama Butterfly

Pinkerton will return.

Suzuki
But no foreign husband has ever returned.

Madama Butterfly

Shut up! I will kill you. He will surely return. He said he would come back with roses when the robins had their chicks. Come on, you too, say it out loud. He will come back.

Suzuki
He’ll be back.

Madama Butterfly

One fine day he will return. I will stay hidden. Lest I die of joy when I see him again.

Un bel dì, vedremo

In the garden, Goro and Sharpless come to visit.

Sharpless

Madame Butterfly.

Madama Butterfly

I’m Madame Pinkerton. Welcome to the American family.

Sharpless

I received a letter addressed to me from Pinkerton.

Madama Butterfly

How happy I am! I have a question for you. He promised me he would come back when the robins were ready to nest. The robins have nested three times in Japan, but not yet in the U.S.?

Goro is laughing. She glares at him.

Sharpless

I do not know. But I want to talk to you about something else.

Madama Butterfly

Please listen to me. Goro is encouraging me to marry another man.

Goro
I introduced her to a rich man. She has been abandoned by her relatives and is poor.

Yamadori enters the garden.

Madama Butterfly

Have you given up on me? You have had many wives, so you must be fine, right?

Prince Yamadori
I am single now.

Madama Butterfly

I have a husband.

Goro
She believes that she is still married to him.

Madama Butterfly

Divorce is easy in Japan, but not in the United States. I follow American law. Oh, let’s get some tea for my guest.

She leaves.

Goro
The ship with Pinkerton aboard has arrived, right?

Prince Yamadori
She will see him.

Sharpless

He does not want to see her again.

She returns with tea.

Madama Butterfly

How annoying they are.

Goro and Yamadori leave.

Sharpless

We are alone now. Let’s read his letter.

My friend, look for my flower girl. Three years have passed and she will not remember me. If she still loves me…

What if he never comes back?

Legger con me volete questa lettera

Madama Butterfly

Return to the path of the geisha or die.

Sharpless

It is pitiful to separate you from your false illusions, but accept the rich man’s proposal.

Madama Butterfly

I have his child! He does not know his son.

She brings her child.

Madama Butterfly

I’m going into town with you in my arms to ask for food. And I’ll go back to be a geisha for you. No, I’ll never do a dishonorable job again! Then I’ll die.

Che tua madre dovrà

Sharpless

I will tell him about the child.

Sharpless leaves. Suzuki catches Goro.

Goro
I heard that children born cursed are rejected in America.

Madama Butterfly

Liar! I’ll kill you!

She swings her dagger and kicks him. He runs away. The sound of cannons can be heard from the harbor.

Madama Butterfly

Everyone told lies. He will return. My love has won! He will come back to love me.

Shake the cherry blossoms. I want to be in the rain of flowers. Fill the room with flowers. Pick all the flowers in the garden and decorate the room.

Scuoti quella fronda di ciliegio

They decorate their rooms with flowers.

Madama Butterfly

I will wear a bridal dress and a red flower in my hair.

Three holes are made in the shoji, and Butterfly, Suzuki, and the child look out at the garden through the peepholes. Later in the night, Suzuki and the child fall asleep. Butterfly stands and waits.

Coro a bocca chiusa: Humming Chorus

Madama Butterfly, Opera: Act3, Synopsis

Butterfly’s house

Morning. Butterfly is standing and waiting. Suzuki wakes up.

Suzuki
Please rest. When he comes, I will call you.

Butterfly returns to her room with her child. Sound of knocking. Sharpless and Pinkerton appear.

Suzuki
Ah!

Sharpless

Please be quiet.

Suzuki
She waited for you all night.

Pinkerton

How did she know I was back?

Suzuki
Because she has been watching the ships pass through the harbor for three years without fail. I call her.

Pinkerton

No, wait.

Suzuki
Please take a look. She has decorated the room with flowers to welcome you.

Suzuki looks at the foreign woman a short distance away from the garden.

Suzuki
Who is that woman?

Pinkerton

She came with me.

Sharpless

She is his wife. We came early this morning to see you. We need your help. There is no comfort in Butterfly’s grief. But we must ensure the future of his child. Would you be willing to speak with his wife first?

Io so che alle sue pene

Suzuki
You are asking a terrible favor of me.

Suzuki goes to see Pinkerton’s wife.

Pinkerton

The room is exactly as it was then. There is my portrait! I can’t stay here. Farewell, my blossoming home of joy and love. I cannot see her sadness!

Addio fiorito asil

He runs off.

Kate Pinkerton
Will you tell her? I will take good care of her child.

Butterfly comes out of the room.

Suzuki
You should not come here.

Madama Butterfly

Is he here?

She looks at the American woman.

Madama Butterfly

Who is she?

Suzuki is crying. Sharpless tries to explain.

Madama Butterfly

(To Sharpless) You say nothing. I might die at this moment.

(To Suzuki) You are a good person. Answer with yes or no. Is he alive?

Suzuki
Yes.

Madama Butterfly

He arrived yesterday but did not come here.

Sharpless

Please forgive her.

Madama Butterfly

Oh, she’s his wife. It’s over!

Kate Pinkerton
Would you be willing to give us your child?

Madama Butterfly

I would give him my child. After a while, tell him to come here.

Sharpless and Pinkerton’s wife leave.

Madama Butterfly

Light and spring are hard. Close the windows.

Suzuki
I will be by your side.

Madama Butterfly

You play with my child.

Butterfly leads Suzuki out of the room. She takes a dagger out of a small box. Suzuki lets the child into the room.

Madama Butterfly

Sweet boy. You are the child of the lily and the rose. I choose to die for you. I will die so that when you grow up, you will not have to suffer the pain of your mother’s abandonment.

Tu? tu? piccolo Iddio!

She blindfolds her child. She stabs herself. Pinkerton’s voice from outside the room.

Pinkerton

Butterfly!

Pinkerton and Sharpless enter the room. She points at the child and dies.

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